Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment

Editorial Policies

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment (CTREE) published by Nexus Academic Press operates in accordance with internationally recognized principles of transparency, editorial independence, research integrity, and best practices in scholarly publishing. Editorial activities are guided by established international ethical standards, including the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing, and CTREE is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity throughout the publication process.

Editorial decisions are based solely on the scholarly merit of submitted manuscripts. In reaching publication decisions, editors consider the originality of the research, methodological rigor, scientific validity, theoretical or practical contribution, clarity of presentation, ethical compliance, and relevance to CTREE's aims and scope. Decisions are made independently and without discrimination based on nationality, race, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, religion, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, career stage, geographic location, or any other personal characteristic unrelated to the quality of the research.

Every manuscript submitted to the Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment (CTREE) undergoes an initial editorial assessment to determine its suitability for peer review. Manuscripts that meet CTREE's editorial requirements are evaluated through an independent double-blind peer-review process conducted by experts in the relevant field. The Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, Editorial Board members, and reviewers are expected to conduct the editorial process fairly, objectively, confidentially, and within reasonable timeframes.

CTREE promotes responsible research practices by encouraging transparency in research design, data reporting, methodological description, statistical analysis, and interpretation of findings. Authors are encouraged to present their work in sufficient detail to facilitate critical evaluation, reproducibility where appropriate, and meaningful application of research findings in policy, professional practice, and future scholarship.

To preserve the integrity, relevance, and quality of its publications, CTREE periodically reviews and updates its editorial policies to reflect developments in scholarly publishing, international ethical standards, advances in Clean Technology  research, and evolving best editorial practices.

Archiving and Self-Archiving Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to preserving the scholarly record and ensuring the long-term accessibility of all published content. To safeguard published articles against technological failures, data loss, or other unforeseen circumstances, CTREE participates in recognized digital preservation and archiving initiatives designed to ensure permanent access to its publications.

Published articles are archived through trusted digital preservation services, including the PKP Preservation Network (PKP PN) and the LOCKSS  (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) network, together with any additional preservation services adopted by CTREE in the future. These systems ensure that published content remains secure, authentic, and permanently accessible.

CTREE also supports responsible self-archiving as an important component of open scholarly communication. Authors may deposit the accepted manuscript or the final published version of their article in institutional repositories, subject-specific repositories, personal websites, institutional webpages, or other non-commercial scholarly platforms immediately following online publication.

When self-archiving their work, authors should acknowledge CTREE as the original source of publication and provide a citation together with a link to the official published version on CTREE's website. Where available, authors should also include the article's Digital Object Identifier (DOI) to facilitate accurate citation and permanent access.

CTREE encourages responsible sharing of research outputs in accordance with its open-access policy, thereby enhancing research visibility, increasing citation potential, and promoting the wider dissemination and application of Clean Technology  research.

Publication Ethics and Research Integrity

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to maintaining the highest standards of integrity, transparency, accountability, and ethical conduct throughout the scholarly publishing process. CTREE expects authors, reviewers, editors, Editorial Board members, and all participants involved in publication to uphold the principles of honesty, fairness, objectivity, confidentiality, and professional responsibility during manuscript submission, peer review, publication, and post-publication activities.

CTREE follows internationally recognized principles of publication ethics and requires that all submitted manuscripts represent original scholarly work that has not been published previously and is not simultaneously under consideration by another journal or publisher. Research findings must be reported accurately, objectively, and completely, without fabrication, falsification, selective reporting, inappropriate manipulation of data, images, or statistical analyses. Authors are expected to maintain accurate research records and provide supporting documentation whenever requested during editorial assessment.

Proper acknowledgement of the work of others is an essential principle of scholarly integrity. Authors must appropriately cite all sources of information, ideas, theories, methods, datasets, figures, tables, software, and previously published material used in their research. CTREE considers plagiarism in any form—including verbatim copying, close paraphrasing without attribution, mosaic plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, and the unauthorized use of copyrighted material—to constitute serious publication misconduct. All submitted manuscripts may be screened using plagiarism-detection software before, during, or after peer review.

CTREE does not accept duplicate, redundant, or simultaneous submissions. Authors must not submit substantially similar manuscripts to multiple journals concurrently or republish previously disseminated work without appropriate justification, permission, and full disclosure. Likewise, the inappropriate fragmentation of research findings ("salami publication") for the primary purpose of increasing publication output is considered an unethical publication practice.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all data, analyses, interpretations, and conclusions presented in their manuscripts are accurate, reliable, and supported by appropriate evidence. Where errors or inaccuracies are identified after publication, authors are expected to cooperate fully with CTREE to issue corrections, clarifications, retractions, or other post-publication notices as necessary to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.

Editors evaluate manuscripts exclusively on the basis of their scholarly merit, originality, methodological quality, significance, ethical compliance, and relevance to CTREE's aims and scope. Editorial decisions are made independently and without discrimination based on nationality, ethnicity, race, gender, age, disability, religion, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, career stage, or any other characteristic unrelated to academic quality. Editors, reviewers, and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of all submitted manuscripts and must not use unpublished information obtained during the editorial process for personal, academic, financial, or commercial advantage.

Reviewers are expected to provide objective, constructive, evidence-based, and timely evaluations that assist authors in improving their work and support editors in making informed publication decisions. Reviewers should disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that may affect their impartiality and decline review assignments whenever such conflicts exist.

Where allegations of research misconduct or publication malpractice arise before or after publication, CTREE will investigate each case fairly, confidentially, and in accordance with its established editorial procedures and internationally accepted ethical guidance. Depending on the nature and severity of the concerns identified, appropriate actions may include manuscript rejection, publication of corrections or retractions, issuance of an expression of concern, notification of authors' institutions or funding organizations, or other measures considered necessary to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

CTREE is committed to fostering a culture of responsible research, ethical scholarship, and scientific transparency, recognizing that these principles are fundamental to advancing trustworthy evidence and promoting innovation in Clean Technology research.

Authorship Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment recognizes authorship as both a significant scholarly contribution and a responsibility for the integrity of published research. Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the conception or design of the study; the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; and the drafting of the manuscript or its critical revision for important intellectual content. All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript before submission and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions relating to its accuracy or integrity are appropriately investigated and resolved.

CTREE expects authorship to accurately reflect each contributor's role in the research. Individuals whose contributions are limited to funding acquisition, administrative support, data collection without intellectual input, language editing, technical assistance, or general supervision should not be listed as authors unless they also satisfy the criteria for authorship. Such contributions may be acknowledged appropriately in the Acknowledgements section with the contributor's permission.

All listed authors share collective responsibility for the published work and should be able to identify their own contributions while having confidence in the integrity of the contributions made by their co-authors.

The corresponding author serves as the primary contact between CTREE and all co-authors throughout the submission, peer-review, production, and publication processes. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all authors have participated appropriately in the research, approved the submitted manuscript, agreed to its submission, disclosed any relevant competing interests, and reported all applicable sources of research funding.

Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors after manuscript submission must be submitted in writing by the corresponding author together with a clear explanation for the proposed change and written consent from all existing and proposed authors, including any author being added or removed. Changes to authorship after acceptance will be considered only under exceptional circumstances and only where adequate justification is provided. CTREE reserves the right to request additional documentation before approving any authorship modification.

CTREE does not permit guest authorship, honorary authorship, gift authorship, or ghost authorship. Deliberate misrepresentation of authorship or failure to acknowledge individuals who made substantial scholarly contributions constitutes publication misconduct and may result in rejection of the manuscript, withdrawal of an accepted article, retraction of a published article, or other appropriate editorial action.

Any disputes concerning authorship should, whenever possible, be resolved among the authors before manuscript submission. CTREE is not responsible for adjudicating authorship disputes but may suspend editorial consideration until the matter has been satisfactorily resolved by the authors or their affiliated institutions.

Conflict of Interest Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to maintaining transparency, objectivity, and public confidence in the research it publishes. Authors, reviewers, editors, Guest Editors, Editorial Board members, and all individuals participating in the editorial process are required to disclose any financial, professional, institutional, academic, or personal interests that could reasonably be perceived as influencing their judgment or the interpretation of research findings.

Authors must disclose all relationships, activities, or interests that may constitute an actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest. These may include, but are not limited to, research funding, grants, employment, consultancy, honoraria, paid expert testimony, advisory positions, patents, intellectual property rights, stock ownership, business partnerships, leadership roles, personal relationships, or institutional affiliations that could influence the conduct, interpretation, or reporting of the research.

All sources of financial support for the research must be fully disclosed within the manuscript, together with a description of the role, if any, played by the funding organization in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of findings, manuscript preparation, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Where no competing interests exist, authors should include the following statement:

"The authors declare that they have no competing interests."

Reviewers and editors are expected to disclose any circumstances that may compromise, or reasonably appear to compromise, their impartiality. Such circumstances may include collaborative relationships with the authors, institutional affiliations, financial interests, personal relationships, academic competition, or any other situation that could affect objective editorial judgment. Individuals with relevant conflicts of interest should decline the review or editorial assignment, and the manuscript will be reassigned to another qualified reviewer or editor.

Disclosure of a conflict of interest does not automatically preclude publication. CTREE evaluates each case individually to determine whether the disclosed interest requires additional transparency measures, editorial management, or reassignment in order to preserve the integrity and credibility of the publication process.

Failure to disclose a relevant conflict of interest may constitute publication misconduct and may result in rejection of the manuscript, withdrawal of an accepted article, publication of a correction, retraction of a published article, or other corrective actions considered appropriate by CTREE.

Editorial Process and Peer Review Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to maintaining the highest standards of scholarly quality through a rigorous, fair, independent, and confidential double-blind peer-review process. Peer review serves as an essential mechanism for evaluating the originality, methodological quality, scientific validity, ethical compliance, practical significance, and relevance of submitted manuscripts while assisting authors in improving the quality and impact of their research.

Every manuscript submitted to CTREE undergoes an initial editorial assessment by the Editor-in-Chief or a designated editor. During this preliminary evaluation, manuscripts are assessed for their relevance to CTREE's aims and scope, compliance with submission requirements, ethical standards, reporting quality, originality, and overall scholarly merit. Manuscripts that fail to satisfy these initial requirements may be declined without external peer review.

Manuscripts considered suitable for publication are assigned to at least two independent reviewers possessing appropriate subject expertise. Under CTREE's double-blind review system, the identities of both authors and reviewers remain confidential throughout the review process to promote fairness, objectivity, and unbiased evaluation.

Authors may suggest the names and contact information of three to four potential reviewers who possess appropriate expertise in the subject area of the submitted manuscript. Authors may also identify individuals whom they prefer not to review their manuscript and, where appropriate, provide a brief justification for their request. CTREE will give due consideration to these suggestions; however, the selection of reviewers is made independently and solely at the discretion of the handling editor. The handling editor is under no obligation to invite the reviewers suggested by the authors or to exclude those whom the authors have requested not to review the manuscript.

Reviewers are invited to evaluate manuscripts according to several criteria, including originality, theoretical contribution, methodological rigor, validity of the research design, appropriateness of statistical or qualitative analyses, ethical compliance, clarity of presentation, interpretation of results, practical or policy relevance, and overall contribution to the advancement of Clean Technology  research, policy, and innovation. Reviewers are expected to provide constructive, respectful, evidence-based, and sufficiently detailed comments that assist both authors and editors in reaching informed publication decisions.

Following peer review, the handling editor considers the reviewers' recommendations together with an independent editorial assessment. Based on this evaluation, CTREE may reach one of the following decisions:

Authors invited to revise their manuscripts should respond systematically to every reviewer comment and submit a detailed response document explaining how each point has been addressed or providing a reasoned justification where recommendations have not been adopted.

Where reviewer reports differ substantially or additional specialist expertise is required, the Editor-in-Chief or the assigned member of editorial board may seek one or more additional independent reviews before reaching a final decision. The Editor-in-Chief retains ultimate responsibility for all editorial decisions, and the publication decision is final.

All participants in the peer-review process are expected to maintain strict confidentiality. Manuscripts received for review must not be shared, copied, discussed with unauthorized individuals, or used for personal, academic, or commercial advantage. Reviewers should promptly notify CTREE if they identify potential conflicts of interest, ethical concerns, plagiarism, duplicate publication, image manipulation, or other issues affecting the integrity of the manuscript.

CTREE strives to complete peer review in a timely manner while maintaining rigorous standards of scholarly evaluation. Although every effort is made to adhere to CTREE's target review timelines, review duration may vary depending on reviewer availability, manuscript complexity, and the extent of revisions required.

Research Integrity and Reporting Standards

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to promoting responsible research practices and ensuring that published findings are accurate, transparent, reproducible, and ethically conducted. CTREE expects all authors to adhere to the highest standards of research integrity throughout the design, conduct, analysis, reporting, and dissemination of their research.

Submitted manuscripts should present an accurate, complete, and balanced account of the research undertaken. Authors are expected to describe their study design, methodology, data collection procedures, analytical methods, and interpretation of findings with sufficient detail to enable readers to evaluate the quality, validity, and, where appropriate, reproducibility of the research.

Research findings must be reported honestly and objectively. Fabrication, falsification, selective reporting of results, inappropriate manipulation of data, images, statistical analyses, or any other practice that intentionally misrepresents research outcomes constitutes serious research misconduct and is not tolerated by CTREE.

Authors should retain the original research data, supporting documentation, and other relevant materials for a reasonable period following publication, normally at least three years, and should make such materials available to CTREE upon reasonable request where necessary to verify the integrity of the published work. Where ethical, legal, contractual, or confidentiality obligations permit, authors are encouraged to deposit research data, analytical code, protocols, questionnaires, and other supporting materials in appropriate public or institutional repositories.

CTREE encourages authors to include a Data Availability Statement describing where the supporting data may be accessed or explaining any legitimate restrictions on data availability arising from ethical, legal, confidentiality, or commercial considerations.

Research involving human participants, personal information, surveys, interviews, behavioural observations, clinical investigations, or other forms of primary data collection must have been conducted in accordance with applicable institutional, national, and international ethical standards. Where approval from an ethics committee or Institutional Review Board (IRB) was required, authors should identify the approving body and provide the approval or reference number within the manuscript.

Where informed consent was required, authors must confirm that appropriate informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection commenced. For studies involving minors or individuals lacking legal capacity to provide consent, permission should have been obtained from a legally authorized parent, guardian, or representative in accordance with applicable ethical requirements.

Authors are responsible for protecting participant privacy and confidentiality. Personal identifiers should not be disclosed unless explicit written consent for publication has been obtained. Any potentially identifiable information should be anonymized whenever possible.

Research involving vulnerable populations should demonstrate additional safeguards to protect participants from harm and should clearly explain how ethical considerations were addressed throughout the study.

Authors are expected to disclose all sources of research funding, institutional support, relevant conflicts of interest, and any limitations that may affect the interpretation or generalizability of the findings. Transparent reporting of these matters strengthens the credibility, reproducibility, and practical value of published research.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment recognizes the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in scholarly communication. CTREE supports the responsible and transparent use of these technologies where they enhance the quality and efficiency of manuscript preparation without replacing the intellectual contributions, critical thinking, scholarly judgment, or ethical responsibilities of human authors.

AI-assisted tools may be used for limited purposes such as improving grammar, spelling, language quality, readability, formatting, reference management, coding assistance, data organization, literature searching, or other technical tasks that support manuscript preparation. However, authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, validity, interpretation, and integrity of every part of the submitted manuscript.

Artificial intelligence systems, chatbots, or other automated technologies cannot be listed as authors or co-authors because they cannot satisfy accepted authorship criteria, assume responsibility for published work, approve the final manuscript, disclose conflicts of interest, or be held accountable for the accuracy and integrity of the research.

Where AI-assisted technologies have made a substantive contribution beyond routine language editing or technical support, authors should provide a clear disclosure within the manuscript identifying:

Authors must carefully review all AI-generated outputs to ensure factual accuracy, appropriate citation of sources, originality of expression, protection of confidential information, and compliance with CTREE's publication ethics policies.

The use of AI-generated text, images, figures, tables, datasets, audiovisual materials, or other content that fabricates, falsifies, manipulates, or misrepresents research findings is strictly prohibited. Likewise, AI technologies must not be used to generate fictitious data, references, participant information, ethical approvals, peer-review reports, or any other false scholarly content.

Editors and reviewers may use AI-assisted technologies only for limited administrative or language-support purposes that do not compromise manuscript confidentiality, intellectual property, or the integrity of the peer-review process. Confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, unpublished data, or other proprietary information must not be uploaded to publicly accessible AI platforms or services that retain, reuse, or train on submitted content.

CTREE reserves the right to request additional information regarding the use of AI-assisted technologies during editorial assessment and may reject manuscripts where AI use is inconsistent with responsible scholarly practice, insufficiently disclosed, or otherwise compromises the integrity of the research.

Post-Publication Policies:

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. Where errors, ethical concerns, or evidence of research misconduct are identified after publication, CTREE will take appropriate corrective action in a transparent, timely, and proportionate manner while preserving the integrity of the published literature.

Authors have a continuing responsibility to notify CTREE promptly if they discover significant errors or inaccuracies in their published work. Likewise, readers, reviewers, editors, institutions, and other stakeholders are encouraged to report concerns regarding the accuracy, reliability, or ethical integrity of published articles.

Where minor errors are identified that do not affect the overall interpretation, validity, or conclusions of an article, CTREE may publish a correction (corrigendum or erratum, as appropriate). Corrections will be permanently linked to the original article to ensure transparency and maintain an accurate publication record.

Where substantial concerns arise regarding the reliability, validity, ethical conduct, or integrity of published research, CTREE may publish an Expression of Concern while an investigation is conducted. This notice serves to inform readers of potential issues without reaching premature conclusions before the investigation is complete.

An article may be retracted where reliable evidence demonstrates that the published findings are fundamentally unreliable because of research misconduct, major methodological error, fabrication or falsification of data, plagiarism, duplicate publication, unethical research practices, unauthorized use of copyrighted material, undisclosed conflicts of interest that materially affected the publication, or other serious breaches of publication ethics.

Retraction notices will remain permanently linked to the original article and will clearly explain the reasons for the retraction in order to preserve the transparency and integrity of the scholarly record. Retracted articles will remain accessible as part of the permanent scholarly record but will be clearly identified as retracted.

In exceptional circumstances, where legal obligations, court orders, or serious risks to individuals require the complete removal of published material, CTREE may remove or replace content while maintaining an appropriate public record explaining the reason for the action whenever legally permissible.

Requests for corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions may be initiated by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, institutions, or other interested parties. All allegations will be evaluated fairly, confidentially, and in accordance with CTREE's established editorial procedures and internationally recognized publication ethics principles. Authors will ordinarily be given an opportunity to respond before a final editorial decision is made.

CTREE may also update published articles where necessary to correct metadata, improve accessibility, add supplementary information, or address factual inaccuracies that do not warrant formal correction or retraction. Any post-publication changes will be clearly documented to preserve the transparency and integrity of the publication history.

Editorial Independence

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to maintaining complete editorial independence in every aspect of its publication process. Editorial decisions are based exclusively on the scholarly merit, originality, methodological quality, ethical integrity, significance, and relevance of submitted manuscripts to CTREE's aims and scope. Editorial judgments are made without influence from commercial interests, sponsors, advertisers, funding organizations, institutional affiliations, or Article Processing Charges (APCs).

The Editor-in-Chief has full authority and responsibility for the editorial content of CTREE and for ensuring that editorial decisions are made fairly, objectively, transparently, and independently. Neither the publisher (Nexus Academic Press) nor any external individual, institution, or organization may interfere with or influence editorial decisions or the outcome of the peer-review process.

Editors, Associate Editors, Editorial Board members, and Guest Editors are expected to perform their responsibilities impartially and professionally. They must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could influence their editorial judgment. Whenever such conflicts arise, responsibility for the manuscript will be transferred to another qualified editor to ensure an independent and unbiased evaluation.

Editorial decisions shall never be influenced by the nationality, ethnicity, race, gender, age, religion, disability, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, career stage, geographic location, or personal characteristics of the authors. Likewise, financial considerations, including payment or waiver of publication fees, shall have no bearing on editorial assessment or publication decisions.

CTREE is committed to protecting editorial freedom while ensuring accountability through adherence to internationally recognized standards of publication ethics, transparency, and responsible scholarly publishing.

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Statement

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to fostering an inclusive, equitable, respectful, and accessible scholarly publishing environment that values diversity in all its forms. CTREE recognizes that diverse perspectives strengthen research quality, encourage innovation, and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Clean Technology in the contexts of Resource, Energy and Environment.

CTREE welcomes submissions from researchers worldwide and encourages scholarship representing diverse disciplines, methodologies, cultural perspectives, geographical regions, and lived experiences. Interdisciplinary collaboration and the inclusion of underrepresented voices are considered important contributors to the advancement of Clean Technology research and innovation.

Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit, including originality, methodological quality, scientific validity, ethical conduct, and relevance to CTREE's scope. CTREE does not discriminate on the basis of nationality, ethnicity, race, gender, age, disability, religion, language, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, career stage, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, geographic location, or any other characteristic unrelated to academic excellence.

CTREE is committed to promoting diversity within its editorial leadership, reviewer community, Guest Editors, and Editorial Board by encouraging broad representation of expertise, disciplinary backgrounds, geographic regions, and professional experience.

Authors are encouraged to use respectful, inclusive, and unbiased language throughout their manuscripts and, where relevant to the research, to consider issues relating to diversity, equity, inclusion, accessibility, and the representation of different populations in study design, participant recruitment, data analysis, interpretation, and reporting.

CTREE strives to ensure that every participant in the publication process is treated with professionalism, fairness, dignity, and respect, thereby supporting an inclusive scholarly community dedicated to empowering Clean Technology worldwide.

Appeals and Complaints Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment is committed to ensuring a fair, transparent, consistent, and accountable editorial process. Authors who believe that an editorial decision resulted from a significant procedural error, factual misunderstanding, or failure to consider relevant evidence may submit a written appeal at (appeals_and_complaints@nexusacademicpress.com) to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals will be reviewed independently, and where appropriate, the manuscript may be reassessed by another editor or additional reviewers. The submission of an appeal does not guarantee reconsideration or acceptance of the manuscript. Appeals should clearly explain the reasons for requesting reconsideration and should include any supporting information necessary to facilitate an independent review. Appeals based solely on disagreement with reviewer comments or editorial judgment are unlikely to result in reconsideration.

Upon receipt of an appeal, the Editor-in-Chief or another appropriately designated senior editor will conduct an independent assessment. Where necessary, additional reviewers or Editorial Board members may be consulted before a final decision is reached. The decision made following the appeal process shall normally be considered final.

CTREE also welcomes complaints relating to editorial procedures, peer review, publication ethics, conflicts of interest, research misconduct, author conduct, reviewer conduct, editorial behaviour, or any other aspect of the publication process. Complaints should be submitted in writing to (appeals_and_complaints@nexusacademicpress.com) with sufficient supporting information to enable appropriate investigation.

All appeals and complaints will be handled confidentially, impartially, and within a reasonable timeframe. CTREE may seek additional information from the parties involved before reaching a decision and will take any corrective action considered necessary to maintain fairness, transparency, and confidence in its editorial processes.

Privacy and Confidentiality Policy

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment respects the privacy of authors, reviewers, editors, readers, and all individuals involved in the publication process. CTREE is committed to protecting confidential information and processing personal data responsibly in accordance with applicable legal and ethical requirements.

All submitted manuscripts are treated as confidential documents. Editors, reviewers, Editorial Board members, Guest Editors, and editorial staff must not disclose, discuss, distribute, or use unpublished manuscripts or confidential information obtained during the editorial process for personal, academic, commercial, or financial advantage.

Information concerning submitted manuscripts will be shared only with individuals directly involved in editorial evaluation, peer review, production, indexing, archiving, and publication, or where disclosure is required by law or necessary to investigate allegations of research or publication misconduct.

Personal information collected during manuscript submission, peer review, and publication is used solely for editorial administration, communication, production, indexing, digital preservation, and other legitimate publishing purposes. CTREE does not sell, rent, or disclose personal information to unrelated third parties without appropriate authorization, except where required by law or necessary for publication and preservation services.

CTREE employs reasonable administrative and technical safeguards to protect confidential information against unauthorized access, misuse, disclosure, alteration, or loss. All participants in the publication process are expected to respect confidentiality both during and after completion of their editorial responsibilities.

Special Issues Policy

Purpose

The Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment publishes Special Issues to promote scholarly dialogue on emerging themes, innovative practices, and contemporary challenges relating to Clean Technology research in the fields of Resource, Energy and Environment. Special Issues provide opportunities to explore important topics in greater depth while encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration and international scholarly exchange.

Proposal and Approval

Special Issues are coordinated by one or more Guest Editors possessing recognized expertise in the proposed subject area. Proposals should include the proposed title, rationale, aims, scope, anticipated themes, submission schedule, and brief biographies of the proposed Guest Editors. All proposals are evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief and, where appropriate, the Editorial Board on the basis of scholarly merit, relevance, feasibility, and consistency with CTREE's aims and scope.

Call for Papers

Following approval, CTREE publishes an official Call for Papers describing the objectives, scope, submission requirements, timeline, and Guest Editors for the Special Issue. CTREE and Guest Editors may jointly promote the Special Issue through academic networks, professional associations, conferences, and other appropriate communication channels.

Peer Review and Editorial Process

All manuscripts submitted to a Special Issue are subject to CTREE's standard editorial policies, publication ethics requirements, and double-blind peer-review process. Acceptance is based exclusively on scholarly merit, originality, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and relevance to the Special Issue theme. The Editor-in-Chief retains ultimate responsibility for all publication decisions.

Responsibilities of Guest Editors

Guest Editors are responsible for promoting the Special Issue, conducting an initial assessment of submissions, recommending qualified reviewers, overseeing the peer-review process, evaluating reviewer reports, and making editorial recommendations to the Editor-in-Chief. Guest Editors are expected to maintain confidentiality, fairness, impartiality, and adherence to CTREE's ethical standards throughout the editorial process.

Conflict of Interest

Guest Editors submitting manuscripts to their own Special Issue shall have no involvement in the editorial handling or peer review of their submissions. Such manuscripts will be managed independently by the Editor-in-Chief or another designated editor in accordance with CTREE's conflict of interest and peer-review policies.

Editorial Office Support

The editorial office provides administrative and technical support throughout the Special Issue process, including manuscript management, reviewer invitations, author correspondence, production, copyediting, proofreading, DOI registration, and publication.

Submission and Publication

Special Issues normally remain open for submissions for a defined period announced in the Call for Papers. Accepted manuscripts are published following successful completion of peer review, editorial approval, copyediting, author proof correction, and production. Articles published in Special Issues receive the same DOI assignment, indexing, citation status, and publication standards as articles appearing in regular issues.

Modification or Cancellation

CTREE reserves the right to modify, postpone, merge, or cancel a Special Issue whenever necessary to maintain editorial quality, ethical standards, or operational integrity. Where appropriate, manuscripts accepted or under review may be transferred to a regular issue following consultation with the authors.

Article Processing Charges

Where applicable, articles accepted for publication in a Special Issue are subject to CTREE's standard Article Processing Charge (APC) policy unless otherwise announced. Payment or waiver of publication fees shall have no influence whatsoever on editorial assessment, peer review, or publication decisions.

Disclaimer

The opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in articles published in the Clean Technology for Resource, Energy and Environment are solely those of the respective authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board, publisher, sponsoring institutions, or affiliated organizations.

Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure the accuracy, quality, and integrity of published material, CTREE does not guarantee that published content is free from error or omission. Readers are responsible for independently evaluating the suitability, accuracy, and applicability of published information for research, education, professional practice, policy development, or decision-making.

CTREE, its editors, Editorial Board members, reviewers, publisher, and affiliated organizations accept no responsibility or liability for any loss, damage, injury, or other consequences arising directly or indirectly from the use of information published in CTREE.

The publication of advertisements, sponsored content, product information, or organizational announcements, where applicable, does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by CTREE. Editorial decisions remain entirely independent of commercial or financial interests.

CTREE reserves the right to revise, amend, or update its editorial and publication policies periodically to reflect developments in scholarly publishing, international ethical standards, technological advances, and best editorial practices. The most current version of all policies shall be published on CTREE's official website and shall take precedence over previous versions.